You may learn a little slower, or you may find it hard to learn. Pdf donohue syndrome or leprechaunism is an extremely rare lethal familial condition. Genetic disorders the following 15 pages are in this category, out of 15 total. Leprechaunism donohue syndrome is a recessively inherited syndrome of insulin resistance with severe prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, ovarian hyperstimulation, acanthosis nigricans and abnormal facial features, as described above. One end of five reads from na01712 showing ercc6 exon 17, c. The clinical assessment and management of children, 3 young people and adults with down syndrome part i. Treatment with recombinant insulinlike growth factor 1 igf1 may be. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis for donohue syndrome. Clinical features include severe intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction. This report describes an infant with the syndrome of multiple congenital malformations and malnutrition leading to death in early infancy, which was o. Donohue syndrome is one of a group of related conditions described as inherited severe insulin resistance syndromes. Donohue syndrome definition of donohue syndrome by medical. Donohue disease definition of donohue disease by the free.
Donohue syndrome the journal of clinical endocrinology. A syndrome of insulin resistance resembling leprechaunism in. Leprechaunism derives its name from the fact that those afflicted with the disease often have elfin features and are smaller than usual. Leprechaunism is a congenital form of extreme insulin resistance a group of syndromes. Most people with down syndrome learn things more slowly. It may also be read on many tablet and smartphone devices that support pdf files. Leprechaunism is characterized by growth delays, as well as abnormalities of. Leprechaunism genetic and rare diseases information center. Leprechaunism nord national organization for rare disorders. Donohue disease definition of donohue disease by the. This report describes an infant with the syndrome of multiple congenital malformations and malnutrition leading to death in early infancy, which was originally reported by donohue and uchida12. This infant with leprechaunism donohues syndrome demonstrates the very severe intrauterine growth retardation.
Donohue syndrome also known as leprechaunism is an extremely rare and severe genetic disorder. Donohue syndrome general discussion leprechaunism is an extremely rare disorder characterized by abnormal resistance to insulin that results in a variety of distinguishing characteristics, including growth delays and abnormalities affecting the endocrine system i. Donohue syndrome represents the most extreme insulin receptoropathy with autosomal recessive inheritance. We present a case of ds owing to the rarity of this syndrome 1 case in every million births. Hyperaldosteronism is a disease in which the adrenal glands make too much aldosterone which leads to hypertension high blood pressure and low blood potassium levels. Donohue syndrome uncountable medical genetics a rare, severe genetic disorder resulting in elfin facial features and an impaired insulin receptor. In leprechaunism, polymerase chain reaction is used to identify mutations to the insulin receptor gene. Donohue syndrome is associated with a fatal congenital form of dwarfism with features of intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, exaggerated hyperglycemia with hyperinsulinism and dysmorphic abnormalities.
These disorders, which also include rabsonmendenhall syndrome and type a insulin resistance syndrome, are considered part of a spectrum. Donohue syndrome, also formerly called leprechaunism, is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the insulin receptor gene. A general overview of down syndrome 1 overview of major clinical features neonatal features the diagnosis of down syndrome is generally made at birth on the basis of the physical examination. An infant had the classical features of leprechaunism. Leprechaunism is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with extreme insulin resistance with paradoxical hypoglycaemia. Leprechaunism was the euphemistic name used to describe the elfinlike facies and poor growth characteristic of the syndrome.
One end of five reads from na20383 showing cln3 exon 11. Descriptiondonohue syndrome is a disorder that causes low birth weight, unusual facial features, and failure to thrive in infants. Primary hyperaldosteronism conns syndrome columbia. Donohue syndrome 1 is a rare donohue syndrome general discussion leprechaunism is an extremely rare disorder characterized by abnormal resistance to insulin that results in a variety of distinguishing characteristics, including growth delays and abnormalities affecting the endocrine system i. The infant had a birth weight of 750 g at a gestational age of 37 weeks. Rare autosomal recessive syndrome of extreme insulin resistance due to mutations in the binding domain of insulin receptor. The mutation involved replacement of a bp sequence in exon by an unrelated 5bp sequence. Other syndromic forms of insulin resistance include rabsonmendenhall syndrome, type a and b insulin resistance, lipodystrophies, and hairan syndrome. Donohue syndrome also known as leprechaunism is an extremely rare medical condition. This infant with leprechaunism donohue s syndrome demonstrates the very severe intrauterine growth retardation. Treatment of ds is supportive and requires the combined efforts of a multidisciplinary team, which include pediatricians, endocrinologists, dermatologists, and. A syndrome of insulin resistance resembling leprechaunism.
We present a case of ds owing to the rarity of this syndrome 1. World down syndrome day random acts of kindness 2017 freebie. Down syndrome ds is one of the commonest disorders with huge medical and social cost. Donohue syndrome also known as leprechaunism is an extremely rare and severe genetic.
Treatment will often address specific dysfunctions in the patient, such as skin defects, hormonal imbalances, and normal progression of child growth. The treatment of leprechaunism is directed toward the specific symptoms that. Donohue syndrome is associated with a fatal congenital form of. Pdf hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in donohue syndrome. Maybe you have a great memory and do not need to write things down to remember them. Insights into brain development, cilium biology, and complex disease dan doherty, md, phd joubert syndrome js is a primarily autosomal recessive condition characterized by hypotonia, ataxia, abnormal eye movements, and intellectual disability with a distinctive midhindbrain malformation the molar tooth sign. Donohue syndromedefinitiondonohue syndrome, also formerly called leprechaunism, is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the insulin receptor gene.
One end of five reads from na01712 showing ercc6 exon 17. Donohue syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe insulin resistance, a condition in which the bodys tissues and organs do not respond properly to the hormone insulin. This means that donohue syndrome, or a subtype of donohue syndrome, affects less than 200,000 people in the us population. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. Donohue and donohue and uchida were the first to describe this rare syndrome featuring dysmorphic facies, failure to thrive, hirsutism, and multiple endocrine abnormalities. Donohue disease definition of donohue disease by medical. Facial features indicative of donohue syndrome include protuberant and. Donohue first described this rare syndrome in 1948. Leprechaunism donohue syndrome jama pediatrics jama network.
Donohue syndrome definition of donohue syndrome by the free. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and prognosis. Leprechaunism is a congenital present from birth condition characterized by extreme insulin resistance, pre and postnatal growth delays, characteristic facial features, skin abnormalities, muscular hypotrophy reduced muscle mass and enlarged external genitalia in both males and females. Ds individuals are affected by these phenotypes to a variable extent thus understanding the cause of this variation is a key challenge. Donohue syndrome ds, also known as leprechaunism, describes a rare form of congenital insulin resistance associated with refractory hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinism and severe, characteristic musculoskeletal deformities and facial dysmorphia. Treatment with subcutaneous insulin was subsequently maintained at a dose of 7iukgday until two and a half months of age, when it was discontinued due to. Down syndrome is a congenital disorder stemming from a chromosomal abnormality appearing in about one of every 800 births.
The patients reported here are from a yemeni family with a syndrome of insulin resistance similar to leprechaunism in which the parents are second cousins and five of their eight children are affected. Management is not standardized but aims to normalize blood. Be cause of the characteristic physical features and marked wasting, the term leprechaunism was applied to this disorder. The syndrome is caused by severe lossoffunction mutations in the insulin receptor insr gene and was first described by donohue in 1948 2, and termed leprechaunism in 1954 3. Donohue syndrome is listed as a rare disease by the office of rare diseases ord of the national institutes of health nih. Included is a short description on one side of the page and 21 suggested acts of kindness on the other. A takehome handout in honor of world down syndrome day. Subsequently 12 addi tional cases312 have been reported withsimilarstigmata,includingsuch additional features as large, low. To our knowledge, this is the first patient with leprechaunism in israel. Ds is associated with number of phenotypes including congenital heart defects, leukemia, alzeihmers disease, hirschsprung disease etc. Although the patients showed features specific to leprechaunism, such as fasting hypoglycemia and multiple abnormal features.
Sep 15, 2014 leprechaunism is a congenital present from birth condition characterized by extreme insulin resistance, pre and postnatal growth delays, characteristic facial features, skin abnormalities, muscular hypotrophy reduced muscle mass and enlarged external genitalia in both males and females. The clinical assessment and management of children, young. Familial type 2 diabetes of early onset with insulin. Read preimplantation genetic diagnosis for donohue syndrome leprechaunism, fertility and sterility on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. It is characterised by prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, reduced subcutaneous tissue, coarse features, acanthosis nigricans, enlarged genitalia, and death in the first year of life. Classic case report of donohue syndrome leprechaunism. Donohue syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of insulin resistance, causing a functional defect in insulin receptor function, and affecting the ability of the insulin to bind the receptor. Donohue syndrome, also known as leprechaunism, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by extreme insulin resistance, growth delays and dysmorphic facies.
Alternatively, please print the pdf file, mark any amendments on the. Insulin normally helps regulate blood sugar levels by controlling how much sugar in the form of glucose is passed from the bloodstream into cells to be used as energy. There is a paucity of evidence for any effective treatment for donohue syndrome. This day is celebrated on the 21st of march every year. It was later determined that an extra partial or complete chromosome 21 results in the characteristics associated with down syndrome. Donohue syndrome donohues syndrom engelsk definition. The disease is caused by a mutation in the insr gene, which contains the genetic information for the formation of insulin receptors.
These are important to recognize because of the possibility of treatment with thiazoladinediones 4346. Pdf ebook edition this ebook is a readonly adobe acrobat pdf file that can be viewed and printed using the freely downloadable adobe acrobat reader version 7 or higher. Instead of the usual 46 chromosomes present in each cell, lejeune observed 47 in the cells of individuals with down syndrome. Leprechaunism donohue syndrome jama pediatrics jama. Treatment with subcutaneous insulin was subsequently maintained at a dose of 7 iukgday until two and a half months of age, when it was discontinued due to.
Donohue syndrome is a disorder that causes low birth weight, unusual facial features, and failure to thrive in. Leprechaunism genetic and rare diseases information. Diagnosis is made on clinical, biochemical fasting hypoglycemia, postprandial hyperglycemia, and extreme hyperinsulinemia, and. World down syndrome day ribbons freebie by melissa donohue. Picture of the month congenital defects jama pediatrics jama. Donohue syndrome is the most severe type of insr disorder and its. Donohue syndrome synonyms, donohue syndrome pronunciation, donohue syndrome translation, english dictionary definition of donohue syndrome. Donohue syndrome definition of donohue syndrome by. People with down syndrome often learn in different ways.
Donohue disease synonyms, donohue disease pronunciation, donohue disease translation, english dictionary definition of donohue disease. The condition is caused by mutations in the insulin receptor gene gene. Treatment of ds is supportive and requires the combined efforts of a. Features include severe hyperinsulinism and fasting hypoglycemia, along with severe failure to thrive despite feeding. Donohue syndrome definition of donohue syndrome by the. The net deletion of 8 bp shifted the reading frame and introduced a premature chain termination downstream.
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